What does 'merit-based' mean for scholarships?

I'm starting to plan my college applications and financial aid options, and I keep running into the term 'merit-based' when it comes to scholarships. Can someone explain what exactly is considered merit and how these scholarships differ from others? Does merit usually refer to academic achievement, or can it include extracurriculars and leadership as well? Insight into what qualities colleges typically look for would be great too!

Merit-based scholarships are awards given to students based on their individual achievements, rather than on financial need. While the term "merit" usually makes people think of academic achievement—which is indeed a huge factor—it involves more than just good grades or high test scores.

The concept of merit can encompass many areas, including but not limited to sports, music, arts, leadership, and volunteering. Thus, in the context of "merit-based scholarships," high involvement and achievement in extracurricular activities, significant volunteering efforts, or leadership roles you've held can all contribute to your "merit." This is also in alignment with the 4 Tiers of Extracurriculars concept where the first and second tiers reflect high achievement and leadership at the national or state level.

Qualities sought by scholarship providers can vary widely depending on the focus or identifying values of the awarding institution or organization. Some may value community service and leadership, while others might prioritize high academic performance or special talents. It's crucial to research each specific scholarship for its unique criteria.

The primary difference between merit-based scholarships and need-based scholarships is the primary focus of the award. Need-based scholarships are typically awarded based on a student's financial situation, as determined by information provided in the FAFSA or the CSS Profile, and aim to make college more accessible for students who might not otherwise afford it. Conversely, merit-based scholarships are awarded based on a student's abilities and achievements, regardless of their financial need.

Overall, when it comes to maximizing your potential to earn merit-based scholarships, a balance between academic and non-academic achievement is key. A strong GPA, high test scores (if applicable), and challenging courses will demonstrate your academic strength, but also remember to showcase your dedication and success in your extracurriculars and contributions to your community. It's important to remember that quality can often outweigh quantity; it's better to be highly involved and accomplished in a few activities than to be minimally involved in many. Not only can these qualities increase your eligibility for merit-based scholarships, but they can also strengthen your college applications as a whole.